ProViva Tummy School

Section 7: Reflux disease/ heartburn

Heartburn or reflux disease is when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus. Since the esophagus is not designed to tolerate the acid contents of the stomach, a stinging or burning sensation may occur. Most people have experienced some form of acid reflux at some point in their lives. The frequency of acid reflux is highly individual. Some people are never troubled by acid reflux, while others may experience recurrent reflux daily. Frequent reflux may cause chronic problems. Some people need to take medications to relieve the symptoms, but mild reflux can sometimes be treated adequately with a change in diet and lifestyle.

What are the causes?

• The basic cause of reflux is an impairment of the sphincter muscle of the upper esophagus which is responsible for sealing off the esophagus to prevent stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus again
• Consumption of too much food at one time. Fatty food in particular remains in the stomach for a longer period and is more likely to cause reflux than a low-fat diet. Certain types of food such as chocolate, peppermint, citrus fruits, coffee and alcohol inhibit sphincter muscle function
• Leaning forward or reclining position
• Overweight is often a contributing factor to reflux. The fat in the abdominal cavity compresses the stomach and the contents then have a tendency to back up into the esophagus
• Pregnancy. The stomach tends to be compressed by the extra pressure applied by the uterus, thereby increasing the risk that stomach contents will back up into the esophagus. Even the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy tend to relax the sphincter muscle so that it does not form a proper seal
• Tobacco also inhibits sphincter muscle function
• Constipation may cause acid reflux
• Hiatal hernia

• A high-stress lifestyle can worsen the symptoms

What are the symptoms?

• A burning sensation in the chest
• Acid reflux
• Nausea

• Difficulties swallowing (”lump in throat”)

What can you do about the situation?

• Lose weight if you are overweight
• Eat small portions often, rather than larger portions on fewer occasions
• Avoid fatty meals
• Limit coffee and alcohol consumption

• Quit smoking if you smoke!

If you experience more problems at night, try elevating the head end of your bed or using an extra pillow.